31902: Stream - WebSocket - Connection Refused

Twilio returns this error when a Media Stream cannot establish a WebSocket connection because the destination host refuses the connection request. Media Streams use the <Stream> noun and connect to your endpoint over wss.

• The url in <Start><Stream> or <Connect><Stream>, or the Url used with the Stream resource, points to the wrong host, path, or port.
• Your WebSocket server is down, not listening, or otherwise unavailable when Twilio tries to connect.
• Your network or firewall is blocking secure WebSocket traffic to your server. Media Streams require secure WebSocket connections on TCP port 443 from Twilio to your WebSocket server.
• The endpoint is not accepting a secure wss connection. Twilio supports wss for Media Streams.

• Verify that the Media Stream destination is the correct wss endpoint and that the host, path, and port are correct in your <Stream> url or Stream resource Url.
• Confirm that your WebSocket server process is running and able to accept incoming connections when the call starts the stream.
• Update your firewall or network rules to allow secure WebSocket connections on TCP port 443 from Twilio to your WebSocket server.
• If the refusal was caused by a temporary service interruption, retry the connection after your WebSocket service is healthy again.

• Media Streams Overview
• TwiML Voice: <Stream>
• Media Streams Configuration